If there’s anything in this world that truly defies quantification, it’s beauty. But that hasn’t stopped people from trying to quantify it. 

These days, one of the most popular means of doing so is by comparing a bunch of length and width measurements of a visual image to determine how close its proportions come to the Golden Ratio: one to roughly 1.618. It’s often been claimed that humans are especially partial to things—dogs, cats, plants, people—that most closely reflect this ratio.

Taking measurements of a single flower or face to find out how “beautiful” it is seems manageable. Trying to slap an aesthetic value on an entire city is slightly more complicated. So analysts at Online Mortgage Advisor focused their study on architecture. They first mined Google Street View footage in cities around the world for images of hundreds of residential streets and some 2400 iconic buildings. Then, they calculated the proportions of all those edifices to find out how closely each adhered to the Golden Ratio. “The higher the score, the closer a city’s buildings is on average to matching the Golden Ratio,” the researchers wrote.

If you prioritize mathematical perfection above all else when planning a sightseeing jaunt, your best bet is Italy: Venice took the top spot, with a score of 83.3 percent, and Rome was runner-up with an 82. Florence landed in 13th place. France also boasted three cities in the top 25: Bordeaux, Paris, and Strasbourg. Sticking closer to home is a viable option, too—four U.S. cities made the list, from New York City in fifth place to Miami in 22nd.

Peruse the full list below, and find out other takeaways from the study here.

1. Venice, Italy // 83.3 percent

2. Rome, Italy // 82 percent

3. Barcelona, Spain // 81.9 percent

4. Prague, Czech Republic // 78.7 percent

5. New York City, United States // 77.7 percent

6. Athens, Greece // 77.5 percent

7. Budapest, Hungary // 75.9 percent

8. Vienna, Austria // 75.8 percent

9. Bordeaux, France // 75.3 percent

10. Milan, Italy // 75.1 percent

11. Stockholm, Sweden // 74.8 percent

12. Paris, France // 74.7 percent

13. Florence, Italy // 73.6 percent

13. Tel Aviv, Israel // 73.6 percent

14. Copenhagen, Denmark // 73.2 percent

15. Marrakech, Morocco // 72.7 percent

16. Chicago, United States // 71.7 percent

16. Amsterdam, Netherlands // 71.7 percent

17. Berlin, Germany // 71.3 percent

18. Istanbul, Turkey // 70.2 percent

19. St. Petersburg, Russia // 69.2 percent

20. Strasbourg, France // 69.1 percent

21. Dubai, United Arab Emirates // 67.6 percent

22. Miami, United States // 63 percent

23. Beijing, China // 55.6 percent

SOURCE MENTALFLOSS